A typical implant consists of a titanium screw (resembling a tooth root) with a roughened and smooth surface. The majority of dental implants are made out of commercially pure titanium, which is available in 5 grades depending upon the amount of carbon and iron contained. Implant surfaces may be modified either by plasma spraying, anodizing, etching or sandblasting to increase the surface area and the osseointegration potential of the implant.